Function Of Water Turbine

Hydraulic Turbines:
As We Have Already Discussed About Steam  Turbines :

See Here :
Now We Are Going To Know About Hydraulic Turbines

The Function Of Hydro Turbine Is To Converts The Potential Energy Of Water Into Mechanical Energy Utilized To Run The Electric Generator

Classification:

They Are Classified In May Ways:
Depending Upon The Head And Quantity Of Water Available :

• ·         Impulse Turbine:- Need High Head And  Low Discharge
• ·         Reaction Turbine:- Need Low To Medium Head And High To Medium Discharge

The Name Of Originator

• ·         Pelton Turbine:- For High Head And Low Discharge Of Water
• ·         Francis Turbine:- For Medium Head And Medium Discharge Of Water
• ·         Kaplan Turbine:- For Low And High Discharge Of Water

According To Actio Of Water O Their Blades

·         Impulse Turbine:-High Head Plant With Small Quantity Of Water Flow
·         Reaction Turbine:- Utilised Both Kinetic And Potential Energy Of Water
According To Direction Of Flow Of Water

• ·         Tangential And Peripheral Flow
• ·         Mixed Flow ( Radial And Axial)
• ·         Axial Flow Turbines

According To Specific Speed Of The Machine
Specific Speed Of Turbine :
Ns = [N.(P)1/2]/H(5/4)
·         N = Rpm Of Turbines Shaft
·         Pt = Power Output
·         H = Net Head In Meters
The Specific Speed Of Turbine
Pelton Turbines:

• ·         10 To 20 :- Slow Runner
• ·         20 To 28 :- Normal Runner
• ·         28 To 35 :- Fast Runner

Francis Turbines:-

• ·         60 To 120  :- Slow Runner
• ·         120 To 180 :- Normal Runner
• ·         180 To 300 :- Fast Runner

Kaplan  Turbines:-

·         300 T0 10000 :- Normal Runner